Bottom line: As expected, the Axis is real, the alignments persist, and they are extremely unlikely within LCDM assumptions.
Excerpts:
At the present time in cosmology there are no compelling alternative models that can account for the anomalies.
(i) the Ecliptic plane is seen to carefully thread itself between a hot and cold spot and there is a clear power asymmetry across the Ecliptic plane;
(ii) the planarity of the octopole and the alignment of the quadrupole and octopole planes is clearly visible – note the re- markable near-overlap of the quadrupole and octopole maximum angular momentum dispersion axes;
(iii) the area vectors lie near each other, near the Ecliptic plane, and also near the dipole direction.
......alignments persist at the 95 to 99.9 per cent level, with the strongest alignment occurring with the dipole direction (99.6 per cent).....
In all cases the observed alignments reside far in the tail of the expected distributions.
.....even given the relative location of the quadrupole and octopole area vectors (i.e. their mutual alignment), the Ecliptic plane and dipole alignments are unlikely at the 95 per cent level.
In all cases the observed alignments reside far in the tail of the expected distributions.
.....even given the relative location of the quadrupole and octopole area vectors (i.e. their mutual alignment), the Ecliptic plane and dipole alignments are unlikely at the 95 per cent level.
In summary, the quadrupole and octopole alignments noted in early WMAP full-sky maps persist in the WMAP seven-year and final (nine-year) maps, and in the Planck first-year full-sky maps. The correlation of the quadrupole and octopole with one another, and their correlations with other physical directions or planes – the dipole, the Ecliptic, the Galaxy – remain broadly unchanged across all of these maps. Consequently, it is not sufficient to argue that they are less significant than they appear merely by appealing to the uncertainties in the full-sky maps – such uncertainties are presumably captured in the range of foreground removal schemes that went into the map making.